mitochondriecommon nounSyllable DecompositionmitochondrieEtymologyexpandfrom the ancient Greek mitos (thread) and χόνδρος, chondros ("grain").Definition1. An intracellular endosymbiotic structure (or organelle) whose purpose is to recover the energy provided by organic molecules, and then store it in the form of ATP. It is therefore the main source of energy for the cell, through the process of oxidative phosphorylation.biologieexpandL'étude des gènes contenus par les mitochondries humaines permet de remonter des lignées féminines puisque leur ADN n'est transmis que par la mère.PluralmitochondriesSee alsomitochondrial (adj.)